Magnetostriction in a degenerate quantum gas

Year: 2007

Authors: Stuhler J., Griesmaier A., Koch T., Fattori M., Pfau T.

Autors Affiliation: 5 Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany

Abstract: We have investigated magnetic dipole-dipole interaction in a gas of Bose-Einstein condensed chromium atoms. The shape of the gaseous cloud within the atom trap and during expansion after release from the trap shows an anisotropic deformation that depends on the direction of a homogeneous magnetic field which magnetizes the Cr cloud but leaves the atom trap unchanged. This effect constitutes the observation of magnetostriction in a gas, previously seen only in magnetic solids and liquids. Our results are consistent with the theory of dipolar quantum gases. Being the first experimentally accessible model system to study dipole-dipole interactions in gases, a chromium Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) opens fascinating perspectives, e.g. for new quantum phases or magnetic ordering of spin-3 multi-component dipolar BECs.

Journal/Review: JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS

Volume: 316 (2 SPEC. ISS.)      Pages from: 429  to: 432

More Information: We are deeply grateful to L. Santos, P. Pedri and S. Giovanazzi for many fruitful discussions and for the theoretical calculations. We thank all members of our atom optics group for their encouragement and practical help. This work was supported by the SPP1116 of the German Science Foundation (DFG).
KeyWords: Bose-Einstein condensation; Chromium; Magnetic anisotropy; Magnetization; Magnetostriction; Quantum chemistry, Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC); Dipole dipole interactions; Quantum phases, Magnetic fluids
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2007.03.097

Citations: 4
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