Laser-Induced Thermal Expansion of H2SO4-Intercalated Graphite Lattice

Year: 2015

Authors: Carotenuto G., Longo A., Nicolais L., De Nicola S., Pugliese E.,Ciofini M., Locatelli M., Lapucci A., Meucci R.

Autors Affiliation: Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials − National Research Council, Mostra d’oltremare Pad 20, Viale Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy
SPIN − National Research Council, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
National Institute of Optics − National Research Council, Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy

Abstract: Intercalated graphite materials allow studying reactions occurring in confined chemical conditions. In this work, we investigate the sulfuric acid intercalated graphite exfoliation process using a simple technique based on the continuous-wave (CW) infrared (IR) laser irradiation of graphite flakes. Using Kissinger and Ozawa methods, the activation energy of H2SO4-intercalated graphite was determined to be less than 100 kJ mol(-1). The laser-assisted reaction process was found to be characterized by a threshold temperature of about 140 degrees C followed by a fast rate of heating. The large amount of volatilized hot gases caused a violent expansion of the graphite flake. Morphological changes undergone by irradiated graphite flakes have been analyzed using a combination of thermal and visible imaging techniques, which allowed for the quantitative determination of temporal evolution of the thermal field during the heating stage and expansion of the flake.

Journal/Review: JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C

Volume: 119 (28)      Pages from: 15942  to: 15947

KeyWords: Activation energy; Graphite; Imaging techniques, Activation energy of h; Chemical conditions; Intercalated graphite; Irradiated graphite; Laser-assisted reactions; Morphological changes; Quantitative determinations; Threshold temperatures, Thermal expansion
DOI: 10.1021/jp512800j

Citations: 12
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