Quantum Internet: Networking Challenges in Distributed Quantum Computing

Year: 2020

Authors: Cacciapuoti Angela Sara; Caleffi Marcello; Tafuri Francesco; Cataliotti Francesco Saverio; Gherardini Stefano; Bianchi Giuseppe

Autors Affiliation: Dept. of Elect. Engineering and Inform. Technologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Dept. of Elect. Engineering and Inform. Technologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Dept. of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Internet Engineering Department, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; CNR, Inst Opt CNR INO, Rome, Italy

Abstract: The Quantum Internet, a network interconnecting remote quantum devices through quantum links in synergy with classical ones, is envisioned as the final stage of the quantum revolution, opening fundamentally new communications and computing capabilities. But the Quantum Internet is governed by the laws of quantum mechanics. Phenomena with no counterpart in classical networks, such as no-cloning, quantum measurement, entanglement and quantum teleportation, impose new challenging constraints for network design. Specifically, classical network functionalities are based on the assumption that classical information can be safely read and copied. However, this assumption does not hold in the Quantum Internet. As a consequence, its design requires a major network-paradigm shift to harness the quantum mechanics specificities. The goal of this work is to shed light on the challenges and open problems of Quantum Internet design. We first introduce some basic knowledge of quantum mechanics, needed to understand the differences between a classical and a quantum network. Then, we introduce quantum teleportation as the key strategy for transmitting quantum information without physically transferring the particle that stores the quantum information or violating the principles of quantum mechanics. Finally, the key research challenges to design quantum communication networks are discussed.

Journal/Review: IEEE NETWORK

Volume: 34 (1)      Pages from: 137  to: 143

More Information: This work was supported by the project “Towards the Quantum Internet: A Multidisciplinary Effort,” University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
KeyWords: Qubit, Internet, Quantum entanglement, Mechanical variables measurement, Atmospheric measurements
DOI: 10.1109/MNET.001.1900092

Citations: 154
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